Day 3

英文重现

A few feet below,turning gray in the dusk,slid a river of clouds that had been rising and dropping all day.High above,comet Hale-Bopp hung like a feathery fishing lure,its tail curving off a bit,as if blown to the side by the punishing wind.

——SAT 2006年10月题,Section 2

解析

1.当表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首时,句子完全倒装,这类句子的谓语动词一般是“stand”、“lie”、“spread”等等。第一个句子即为一个完全倒装句:“below”为表示地点的介词作状语,谓语动词“slid”在主语“a river of clouds”的前面,正常的语序是“A few feet below,a river of clouds that had been rising and dropping all day slid”。“turning gray in the dusk”是现在分词短语作状语,表伴随;“that had been rising and dropping all day”为定语从句修饰“a river of clouds”。

2.第二个句子中的“its tail curving off a bit”是独立主格结构。独立主格类似于分词作状语,只不过在作状语的分词之前有一个名词,在这里是“its tail”,此时分词短语“curving off a bit”的逻辑主语(现在分词的情况下即分词动作的发出者)不再是句子主语“comet Hale-Bopp”,而是名词“its tail”,但仍然表示两个动作相伴随发生。通常独立主格的使用要求分词前的名词,即分词的逻辑主语,是句子主语的一部分,比如这里“its tail(它的尾巴)”就是“comet Hale-Bopp(海勒·波普彗星)”的一部分。

3.第二个句子中的“as if”在这里引导一个方式状语从句,因为从句的主语与现在分词短语“curving off a bit”的主语一致,且谓语为be动词,所以主语连同谓语一起被省略了,完整的句子为“as if its tail is blown to the side by the punishing wind”。

词意辨析

参考翻译

其下几英尺处滑动着一条“云之河”,已经浮浮沉沉了一整天,在黄昏中逐渐变得灰白。其上很高处,海勒·波普彗星像一个羽状的鱼饵般悬挂着;尾巴稍微有点弯曲,好像被猛烈的风吹到了一边。

实战演练

Whistling and moaning,a 50-mile-an-hour wind whipped among the telescope domes atop Kitt Peak.A few feet below,turning gray in the dusk,slid a river of clouds that had been rising and dropping all day.High above,comet Hale-Bopp hung like a feathery fishing lure,its tail curving off a bit,as if blown to the side by the punishing wind.One by one,stars winked on in a darkening sky.Nearby,wild horses wandered past.They never glanced skyward at the gossamer swath of Hale-Bopp nor at the wondrous spectacle that is the night sky on a clear night,comet or no.

It felt good to be human.

The rhetorical device primarily featured in this passage is____.

(A)appeal to emotion

(B)metaphorical language

(C)extended analogy

(D)flashback

(E)irony

答案:B

答案解析

本题考查的是修辞手法,从句子中的“like”(像)和“as if”(似乎)我们不难得出答案是选项B“隐喻”。其他选项的意思为:选项A“诉诸情感”,是指不用客观事实来论证,而是用有说服力的语言去打动人的写法;选项C“扩展类比”;选项D“倒叙”;选项E“讽刺”。

注:SAT考试中很少出现“appeal to emotion”这种写法;另外,“appeal to emotion”是一种“fallacy”,在论证方法中属于谬论的一种。