第3章 一般过去时

一般过去时：描述过去的性质、动作或状态的时态。

一般过去时的构成

一般过去时的用法

1. 表示过去具体时间发生的动作或行为。

Tom looked very well when I last saw him.

上次我见到汤姆的时候，他看起来气色很好。

2. 表示在过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。

When I was a child，I often played football in the street.

我小时候经常在街上踢足球。

Whenever the Browns went during their visit，they were given a warm

welcome. 在访问期间，无论布朗一家去哪里，都受到了热情的欢迎。

I went to the West Lake twice last year.

我去年去过西湖两次。

3. 叙述过去有过或未有过的事情。

It never occurred to me that he would be admitted to the key middle school. 我从来没想到他会被那所重点中学录取。

4. 追述逝去的人或事。

The book was written by Mr. Luxun. 这本书是鲁迅先生写的。

Chris was an invalid all her life.

克里斯终身残疾。（她已经不在人世了）

要点拓展

1. want，intend，wish，wonder，think，hope以及情态动词would，could等用过去时，表达询问、请求、建议等，表示委婉的语气。

Did you want anything else?你还需要些什么吗？

I wondered if you could help me. 我想知道你能不能帮我一下?

Could you lend me your bike?我能借用一下你的自行车吗？

2. 一般过去时用在如下表示虚拟语气的句型中。

It is time sb. did sth. = It is time for sb. to do sth

“到……时间了”“该……了”

It is time you went to bed. =It is time for you to go to bed.

你该睡觉了。

would（had）rather sb. did sth. 宁愿某人做某事

I'd rather you came tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天来。

3. used to的特殊性。

used to do：“过去常常”表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。

Mother used not to be so forgetful. 妈妈以前没那么健忘。（现在很健忘）

He used to take a walk. 他过去经常散步。（现在不散步了）

4. 一般过去时和过去进行时的区别。

① 一般过去时侧重于说明发生某动作的事实，过去进行时则侧重于强调某动作的持续过程或动作持续的长度。

It rained cats and dogs last night.

昨晚雨下得真大。（强调下过雨，不强调持续的时间）

It was raining cats and dogs last night.

昨晚整整一夜都在下雨。（强调雨没停，一直在持续）

② 一般过去时表示动作已完成，而过去进行时表示动作未完成。

She read a science fiction last night.

她昨晚读了一本科幻小说。（可能读完了）

She was reading a science fiction at 8 last night.

昨晚八点她在读一本科幻小说。（当时动作持续的状态）

③ 一般过去时可表示时断时续的动作，而过去进行时通常表示持续的不间断的动作。

I sometimes walked to the office to avoid the heavy traffic.

我以前有时走着去上班是为了躲开交通拥堵。

He was working from 4 o'clock until suppertime.

他从四点一直工作到晚饭时间。

④ 两者在句中可同时出现。前者表示短暂的重要动作，后者为前者提供背景，起铺垫作用。

When you phoned，I was visiting with my foreign teacher.

你打电话来的时候，我正在拜访我的外籍教师。

专项训练

1. — We could have walked to the station；it was so near.

— Yes. A taxi__________at all necessary.

A. wasn't

B. hadn't been

C. wouldn't be

D. won't be

答案：A 叙述过去的事情。

2. — Oh，it's you！I__________you.

— I've just had my hair cut，and I'm wearing new glasses.

A. didn't recognize

B. hadn't recognized

C. haven't recognized

D. don't recognize

答案：A 尽管没有出现明确的表示过去的时间状语，但从语境中可以得知是刚刚发生的事情。

3. Old Tom gave up smoking for a while，but soon__________to his old ways.

A. returned

B. returns

C. was returning

D. had returned

答案：A but连接的两个简单句，从意思上分析，都是过去发生的事情。

4. My uncle__________until he was forty-five.

A. married

B. didn't get married

C. was not marrying

D. would marry

答案：B not…until句型表示“直到……才……”。

5. This is Ted's photo. We miss him a lot. He__________trying to save a child in the earthquake.

A. killed

B. is killed

C. was killed

D. was killing

答案：C 陈述过去的事实。

6. Tom sat under a tree and seeing his friend，__________up in no time.

A. to stand

B. standing

C. stood

D. would stand

答案：C and连接的两个动词短语是sat under a tree和stood up in no time”。

7. Oh，it's half past eleven now. It's high time you__________to bed as you have to rise early tomorrow.

A. went

B. goes

C. will go

D. can go

答案：A 句型“It is high time …”中，用一般过去时。

8. I wonder why the boy I__________honest was caught cheating in the examination.

A. considered

B. consider

C. have considered

D. had considered

答案：A 这句话意味着“我曾经认为他很诚实，作弊被抓后我已经不这样认为了”。所以，consider这个动作是过去时。

9. The year 2002__________remarkable changes in Shanghai's landscape.

A. sees

B. has seen

C. saw

D. had seen

答案：C the year 2002是明确的一般过去时的时间状语。

10. I thought Jim would say something about his school report，but he__________it.

A. doesn't mention

B. hadn't mentioned

C. didn't mention

D. hasn't mentioned

答案：C “我本来认为吉姆会就他的成绩单说些什么，但是，他根本没提这件事。”这里的mention是一个过去发生的动作。

11. The play had already been on for quite some time when we__________at the theatre.

A. have arrived

B. arrived

C. had arrived

D. arrive

答案：B 演出开始发生在我们到达剧院之前，所以用一般过去时。

12. I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I__________there several years ago.

A. are going

B. had been

C. went

D. have been

答案：C several years ago是明确的一般过去时的时间状语。

13. I__________while reading the English textbook. Luckily，my roommate woke me up in time！

A. had fallen asleep

B. have fallen asleep

C. fell asleep

D. fall asleep

答案：C 从句子意思可以得知“睡着了”是一般过去时。

14. — How are the team playing?

— They're playing well，but one of them__________hurt.

A. got

B. gets

C. are

D. were

答案：A 尽管上文中出现的全是现在进行时，但是“受伤”这个动作是已经发生过的。

15. — What were you doing when Tony phoned you?

— I had just finished my work and__________to take a shower.

A. had started

B. started

C. have started

D. was starting

答案：B “开始洗澡”紧接着“完成工作”后发生，因此用一般过去时。

16. After he had broken the world record，Rod__________to a restaurant to celebrate with his friends.

A. went

B. had gone

C. would go

D. has gone

答案：A 表示发生在过去完成时后的动作。

17. — Why did you leave that position?

—I__________a better position at IBM.

A. offer

B. offered

C. am offered

D. was offered

答案：D 与上文时态一致，表示过去发生的事情。

18. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s，when people__________to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.

A. begin

B. began

C. have begun

D. had begun

答案：B when指的是前面的the early 1990s，这是个明确的一般过去时的时间状语。

19. The discussion__________alive when an interesting topic was brought in.

A. was coming

B. had come

C. has come

D. came

答案：D 受到从句when an interesting topic was brought in的影响，主句用过去时。

20. — I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday.

— Oh，how nice！Do you know when she__________?

A. was leaving

B. had left

C. has left

D. left

答案：D 表示过去发生的动作。