02 Bill Gates
比尔·盖茨，20世纪最伟大的计算机软件行业巨人

名人标签

01 Bill Gates changed the world while leading Microsoft to dizzying success.

微软在比尔·盖茨带领下创造出令人眼花缭乱的成绩，这些真正改变了世界。

02 Gates has pursued a number of philanthropic endeavors（事业）, donating large amounts of money to various charitable（慈善的）organizations and scientific research programs through the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

盖茨对慈善事业有很高的追求，他通过比尔及梅林达·盖茨基金会将自己大量的财产捐给了科学研究机构。

了解他/她多少

Personal life

Early on in his life, Gates' parents had a law career in mind for him. His family encouraged competition. When he was in the eighth grade, Gates took an interest in programming the GE system in BASIC and was excused from math classes to pursue his interest. He wrote his first computer program on this machine. He scored（得到……的分数）1590 out of 1600 on the SAT and enrolled at Harvard College in the autumn of 1973.

The following year saw the release of the MITS Altair 8800 based on the Intel 8080 CPU and Gates and Allen saw this as the opportunity to start their own computer software company. Gates dropped out of（退出）Harvard at this time.

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盖茨出生在西雅图。盖茨与他湖畔中学的同学保罗·艾伦（Paul Allen）参考一本指导手册，开始学习BASIC编程。后来盖茨为湖畔中学编写程序，其中包括一款课表安排软件。盖茨卖掉了他的这款软件，而买主是他的高中学校。盖茨以SAT得分1590考进了哈佛大学。在哈佛的时候，他为第一台微型计算机MITS Altair开发了一个BASIC编程语言的程序。当盖茨看到了开创软件公司的商机后，他决定从哈佛退学。

Career

During Microsoft's early years, all employees had broad responsibility for the company's business. Gates oversaw the business details, but continued to write code as well. In the first five years, Gates personally reviewed every line of code the company shipped, and often rewrote parts of it as he saw fit. From Microsoft's founding in 1975 until 2006, Gates had primary（主要的）responsibility for the company's product strategy（战略）. He aggressively（侵略地）broadened the company's range of products, and wherever Microsoft achieved a dominant position he vigorously（大力）defended it.

Microsoft stock to create the “William H. Gates Foundation”. The Foundation allows benefactors to access information that shows how its money is being spent, unlike other major charitable organizations such as the Wellcome Trust.

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1976年，盖茨和艾伦注册了“微软”（Microsoft）商标。公司始建之初，盖茨对手下要求非常严格，并经常与同事进行激烈争辩。他不仅研发还参与管理和制定销售策略。对于盖茨来说，慈善事业也是非常重要的。他和他的妻子Melinda已经捐赠了超过210亿美元建立了一个基金，支持在全球医疗健康和知识学习领域的慈善事业。

妙语连珠

If we can really see aproblem, which is the first step, we come to the second step: cutting through the complexity（复杂性）to find a solution. Finding solutions is essential（本质）ifwe want to make the most of our caring. If we have clear and proven answers anytime an organization or individual asks “How can I help?” then we can get action—and we can make sure that none of the caring in the world is wasted. But complexity makes it hard to mark a path of action for everyone who cares—and that makes it hard for their caring to matter.

Cutting through complexity to find a solution runs through four predictable（可预见的）stages: determine a goal, find the highest-leverage（优势）approach, discover the ideal technology for that approach and in the meantime, make the smartest application of the technology that you already have—whether it's something sophisticated（复杂的）, like a drug, or something simpler, like a bed net.

阅读超链接

就算我们真正发现了问题所在，这也只是迈出了第一步，但是随之而来的第二步就是从复杂的事件中找到解决办法。如果我们将关心落到实处，我们就找到了解决办法的本质。如果我们获得了一个清晰的、可靠的答案，那么当任何组织和个人提出“我如何能提供帮助”这种疑问的时候，我们就能采取行动。但是复杂性使得每个关心的人都束手无策，这也使得他们的关心无济于事。如何在这个复杂的世界中找到解决办法，可以分为四个步骤：确定目标，找到最高效的方法，发现适用于这个方法的新技术，同时最聪明地利用现有的技术，不管它是复杂的药物，还是最简单的蚊帐。