第1章

The origin of The Secret Agent : subject, treatment, artistic purpose, and every other motive that may induce an author to take up his pen, can, I believe, be traced to a period of mental and emotional reaction.

The actual facts are that I began this book impulsively and wrote it continuously.When in due course it was bound and delivered to the public gaze I found myself reproved for having produced it at all.Some of the admonitions were severe, others had a sorrowful note.I have not got them textually before me but I remember perfectly the general argument, which was very simple; and also my surprise at its nature.All this sounds a very old story now! And yet it is not such a long time ago.I must conclude that I had still preserved much of my pristine innocence in the year 1907.

It seems to me now that even an artless person might have foreseen that some criticisms would be based on the ground of sordid surroundings and the moral squalor of the tale.

That of course is a serious objection.It was not universal.In fact it seems ungracious to remember so little reproof amongst so much intelligent and sympathetic appreciation; and I trust that the readers of this Preface will not hasten to put it down to wounded vanity or a natural disposition to ingratitude.I suggest that a charitable heart could very well ascribe my choice to natural modesty.Yet it isn't exactly modesty that makes me select reproof for the illustration of my case.No, it isn't exactly modesty.

I am not at all certain that I am modest; but those who have read so far through my work will credit me with enough decency, tact, savoir-faire , what you will, to prevent me from making a song for my own glory out of the words of other people, No! The true motive of my selection lies in quite a different trait.I have always had a propensity to justify my action.

Not to defend.To justify.Not to insist that I was right but simply to explain that there was no perverse intention, no secret scorn for the natural sensibilities of mankind at the bottom of my impulses.

That kind of weakness is dangerous only so far that it exposes one to the risk of becoming a bore; for the world generally is not interested in the motives of any overt act but in its consequences.Man may smile and smile but he is not an investigating animal.He loves the obvious.

He shrinks from explanations.Yet I will go on with mine.It's obvious that I need not have written that book.I was under no necessity to deal with that subject; using the word subject both in the sense of the tale itself and in the larger one of a special manifestation in the life of mankind.This I fully admit.But the thought of elaborating mere ugliness in order to shock, or even simply to surprise my readers by a change of front, has never entered my head.In making this statement I expect to be believed, not only on the evidence of my general character but also for the reason, which anybody can see, that the whole treatment of the tale, its inspiring indignation and underlying pity and contempt, prove my detachment from the squalor and sordidness which lie simply in the outward circumstances of the setting.

The inception of The Secret Agent followed immediately on a two years' period of intense absorption in the task of writing that remote novel, Nostromo , with its far-off Latin-American atmosphere; and the profoundly personal Mirror of the Sea.The first an intense creative effort on what I suppose will always remain my largest canvas, the second an unreserved attempt to unveil for a moment the profounder intimacies of the sea and the formative influences of nearly half my lifetime.

It was a period, too, in which my sense of the truth of things was attended by a very intense imaginative and emotional readiness which, all genuine and faithful to facts as it was, yet made me feel (the task once done)as if I were left behind, aimless amongst mere husks of sensations and lost in a world of other, of inferior, values.

I don't know whether I really felt that I wanted a change, change in my imagination, in my vision, and in my mental attitude.I rather think that a change in the fundamental mood had already stolen over me unawares.

I don't remember anything definite happening.With The Mirror of the Sea finished in the full consciousness that I had dealt honestly with myself and my readers in every line of that book, I gave myself up to a not unhappy pause.Then, while I was yet standing still, as it were, and certainly not thinking of going out of my way to look for anything ugly, the subject of The Secret Agent - I mean the tale - came to me in the shape of a few words uttered by a friend in a casual conversation about anarchists or rather anarchist activities; how brought about I don't remember now.

I remember, however, remarking on the criminal futility of the whole thing, doctrine, action, mentality; and on the contemptible aspect of the half-crazy pose as of a brazen cheat exploiting the poignant miseries and passionate credulities of a mankind always so tragically eager for self-destruction.

That was what made for me its philosophical pretences so unpardonable.

Presently, passing to particular instances, we recalled the already old story of the attempt to blow up the Greenwich Observatory; a blood-stained inanity of so fatuous a kind that it was impossible to fathom its origin by any reasonable or even unreasonable process of thought.For perverse unreason has its own logical processes.But that outrage could not be laid hold of mentally in any sort of way, so that one remained faced by the fact of a man blown to bits for nothing even most remotely resembling an idea, anarchistic or other.As to the outer wall of the Observatory it did not show as much as the faintest crack.

I pointed all this out to my friend who remained silent for a while and then remarked in his characteristically casual and omniscient manner:

`Oh, that fellow was half an idiot.His sister committed suicide afterwards.'